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Bangkok/Phnom Penh - Tensions between Thailand and Cambodia reached a boiling point on Thursday as military clashes erupted along their shared border, resulting in casualties on both sides and raising regional concerns. The two countries have a long - standing history of border disputes, which have flared up periodically over the years.

Clashes and Casualties

The Thai Army reported that the conflict began in the morning when Cambodian forces allegedly opened fire near the Ta Muen Thom Temple in Surin province. A Thai Army spokesperson stated that Thai troops, in response, called for reinforcements and engaged in a firefight. Thai Army spokesman Winthai Suvaree told a press briefing that the army has acted in line with the UN Charter, which permits self - defense against armed attacks. The Thai response has focused solely on neutralizing military targets, he said.

The Thai military later announced that it had dispatched F - 16 fighter jets in two rounds of airstrikes against Cambodian military targets as part of a long - range support operation. The Thai Army also said that a Thai soldier was injured in the initial exchanges. On the civilian side, the Thai Army reported that Cambodian forces fired two BM - 21 rockets into a Thai community in Surin province, injuring three civilians. However, Thai public television, citing local officials, reported that two civilians were killed and two others were injured when the rockets hit a village.

Cambodia's Ministry of National Defence issued a statement strongly condemning what it called a "severe, brutal and illegal military aggression" by Thailand. The Cambodian side claimed that Thai troops had entered the Ta Muen Thom Temple area, violating previous agreements. The Cambodian army spokesman, General Chhum Socheat, said that Thai forces had been on the offensive since 8:30 am, attacking Cambodian positions in several areas, including Ta Muen Thom, Ta Krabei and Phnom Troap. He added that Cambodian forces were forced to exercise their right of self - defense at 8:47 am.

Diplomatic Fallout

The military clashes come on the heels of a significant diplomatic downgrade between the two countries. On Wednesday, Thailand's acting Prime Minister Phumtham Wechayachai announced that Thailand was lowering its diplomatic relations with Cambodia, recalling its ambassador and expelling the Cambodian ambassador. This decision was made after a Thai soldier was injured by a landmine in the border area on July 23. Thailand accused Cambodia of laying the mines, a claim that Cambodia has vehemently denied.

In response, Cambodia also announced on Thursday that it was downgrading its diplomatic relations with Thailand to the lowest level, the chargé d'affaires level. The Cambodian government said it was recalling all its diplomats from Thailand, except for essential staff, and giving Thai diplomats in Cambodia a limited time to leave the country.

International Reactions

The international community has expressed concern over the escalating tensions. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), of which both Thailand and Cambodia are members, has yet to issue an official statement. However, Malaysia, the current ASEAN chair, said it was closely monitoring the situation. Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim said the situation was "worrying" and that he would be in touch with the leaders of both countries.

China, a close neighbor and important partner to both countries, also expressed its concern. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Guo Jiakun said at a regular press briefing on Thursday that China hopes the two sides can properly resolve the issue through dialogue and consultation. "Thailand and Cambodia are both friendly neighbors of China and important members of ASEAN. Good - neighborliness and proper settlement of differences are in the fundamental and long - term interests of both sides," he said.

Cambodia's Prime Minister Hun Manet called on Thailand to immediately cease all hostilities, withdraw its forces to its side of the border, and refrain from any further provocative actions which could escalate the situation. He also accused Thailand of violating the basic principles of international law.

As the situation remains fluid, there are growing calls for both countries to return to the negotiating table and resolve their long - standing border disputes through peaceful means. The military clashes not only pose a threat to regional stability but also have the potential to disrupt economic cooperation and people - to - people exchanges between the two countries.